MATERI BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS XI SEMESTER 2 SMK PANCASILA 9 GIRIWOYO

MODUL

SUBJECT : ENGLISH

SEMESTER : II

Standar kompetensi: able to communicate in English on the elementary level

Kompetensi dasar: expression some purposes

1. Giving invitations

Some expressions used in giving invitations:

v  would you like to come to my party?

v  Will you come to my party?

v  Could you come to my party?

v  Won’t you come to my party?

v  How about coming to my party?

Responses :

(+) yes I’d love to                            (-) if you don’t mind, I’d rather not

(+) thank you                                   (-) thank you but I am afraid

(+) that’s a good idea                     (-) I’d love to but I have another appointment

(+) I would, thank you                 (-) I’m sorry but I can’t

Task : Make 5 sentences about giving invitations and its responses!

2. Bargaining (menawar)

Some expressions used in bargaining

v  Is there any discount??

v  What about Rp. 50.000,00?

v  Can you make it $ 1?

v  What about 20% off?

Task : Make 5 sentences about bargaining and its responses!

3. Expression certainty

Some expressions show certainty:

v  I am absolutely sure about it

v  I am sure that….

v  I have no doubt at all

v  It’s quite certain

v  I’m certain about it

Task : Make 5 sentences expressing certainty and its responses!

4. Giving and responding compliments (pujian)

Giving compliments

v  Your performance is amazing

v  Your performance on the stage is amazing.

v  How wonderful to listen to your great voice.

v  How marvelous.

v  Great! (You look great) / Great for you.

v  Terrific! (Hey, that’s terrific!).

v  Fantastic!

v  Smashing.

v  That’s really remarkable / well done.

Responding to compliments

v  Thank you

v  It’s very kind of you to say so

v  I can’t say how delighted I am

v  Thanks for your compliment

Task : Make 5 sentences about giving complimentss and its responses!

5. Giving congratulations

v  memberikan ucapan selamat selalu menggunakan “CONGRATULATIONS”  dan responnya “thank you”

Task : Make 5 sentences about giving congratulations and its responses!

6. Giving opinions

Asking for someone’s opinions

v  what do you think of…..?

v  what is your opinion about?

v  Would you give me your opinion about….

v  How do you feel about?

Giving opinion:

v  I think I like it

v  I don’t thing think I care for it

v  In my opinion, I would rather….

v  As far as I concerned….

Task : Make 5 sentences about asking and giving opinions!

7. Agreement and disagreement

Saying agreement:

v  you are perfectly right

v  you may be right there

v  that’s true I suppose

v  I think that was a good idea

v I agree wiyh you.

v I think that’s a good idea.

v I thunk so.

v I suppose so.

v He’s right/ you’re right.

v That’s just what I wasking thinking.

v That’s true/right.

v I couldn’t agree more.

v I totally/extremely agree with you.

v  Etc.

Task : Make 5 sentences about saying agreements!

Saying disagreement :

v  I think you’re wrong

v  I don’t really agree with you

v  I don’t agree with you/ I disagree with you.

v  I (totally) disagree wit you.

v  I don’t think so.

v  You/he can’t mean that.

v  Surely not, I can’t agree with that…

v  No way/ nonsense.

v  I’m afraid, I have my own opinion.

v  I don’t hink that is a good idea.

v  That’s not right/ that’s not true.

v  Etc.

Task : Make 5 sentences about saying disagreement

8. Expressing argument

v  Yes, I partly agree with you but,…..

v  I agree to some extents but,…

v  I see what you mean but,…

v  I agree with you but, in the other hand….

Complete the following dialogue using the expressions showing Agreement (=) / Disagreement (-). Number one is done as an example.

1.A         : Western films on television are interesting.

   B   (+)                : I agree with you, western films in TV are entertaining.

   C   (-)  : I don’t think so, western films on TV are not entertaining.

2.A         : In my opinion, Internet helps us to have better living in the world.

B   (+)   : …………………………………………………………….

C   (-)     : …………………………………………………………….

3.A         : Anyone willing to work can get easily a job in this country.

B   (+)   : …………………………………………………………….

C   (-)     : …………………………………………………………….

4.A         : Celebrities aern more money than clever graduates

B   (+)   : …………………………………………………………….

C   (-)     : …………………………………………………………….

5.A         : It’s better to have just any job than to be jobless.

B   (+)   : …………………………………………………………….

C   (-)     : …………………………………………………………….

6.A         : All kind of jobs can be done by any women

B   (+)   : …………………………………………………………….

C   (-)     : …………………………………………………………….

7.A         : Your fluent English will help you to find job easily.

B   (+)   : …………………………………………………………….

C   (-)     : …………………………………………………………….

8.A         : Television has positive influence for people.

B   (+)   : …………………………………………………………….

C   (-)     : …………………………………………………………….

Choose the best response to each question.

1.       Welldone, Gilang, you have done your exams excellently.

A.      Thank you. I feel very disappointed.

B.      Thanks for your nice compliment.

C.       Thank you very much about it.

2.       The logo is very well designed, congratulation!

A.      I’d like to be the first to congratulate.

B.      It’s nice of you to say so.

C.       Yes, you designed it amazingly.

3.       What a wonderfull painting, are you the artist?

A.      I’m delighted to know that you like it.

B.      That’s really a beautifull art.

C.       I’m pleased that you make it for me.

4.       Could you show me how to use this software program?

A.      Gladly, it’s very easy.

B.      I’m sorry, I’am confusing.

C.       Why should I show you?

5.       Do you really think that the film is good?

A.      I suppose so.

B.      No, I don’t.

C.       Is it?

Now read the article about NAJIP ALI, than answer question no 1-5 below.

The first thing you notice about Najip is that you actually will notice him, whether he’s striding across the street, sitting an a café sipping juice, or a storming up a scene in the discos. He’s hard to miss, with his spaced-out spectacles, winsome wig and even more winsome smile. In one of his 30-odd hats, Najip is, in the words of one of his friends, “a character”. Entertainment is a word very near to Najip’s heart – a heart which, you will notice, is in the right place.

“I want to entertain, that’s my job. But I want to create arts for the masses, for the normal people, not some elite group”. Mohd Najip Ali is Singapore’s premier choreographer.

So when one talks about entertaining the masses, out for. The “normal” people, according to Najip, are the young, especially, and he usually targets his shows for them.

“I try to make my shows appealing and relevant to youngsters. I like to combine fashion and music, so they can be informed and inspired.

(taken from Her world magazine 1996).

Questions.

1.       Describe about Najip Ali external appearance!

_____________________________________

2.       When does Najip Ali live?

_____________________________________

3.       In what occasion can you see him?

___________________________

4.       What is Najip Ali’s job?

__________________

5.       What can his life be related to?

________________________

Find the error on every sentence below. Discuss the answer wiyh your friends.

1.       The secretary checked the spelling before sending the book to the publish.

2.       I want to be the first to congratulation on your success.

3.       If it rains, we had to cancel the parade scheduled for today.

4.       Rizwar did not win the competition because he had sung the songs wonderfully.

5.       It is amazed that those children can perform the play on the stage well.

6.               The beautifully dance has been performance by the art students.

7.       Computerized word processing so much fastest than typing on a typewriter.

8.       The M supermarket annual sell is held the first two weeks in December every years.

Read the following teks, thean answer the questions underneath!

TEETH CARE

Tooth care at home.

According to dentist, the most important part of tooth care happens at home. Brushing and flossing properly, along with regular dental check-ups, can help prevent tooth decay and gum disease. And if you’re like most people, you don’t axactly look forward to facing a dentist’s drill. So, wouldn’t it be better to prevent cavities before they begin?

Giving Plaque the Brush-Off.

To prevent cavities you need to remove plaque, the transparent layer of bacteria that coats the teeth, by brushing your teeth twice a day. Brushing also stimulates the gums, which help to keep them healty and prevent gum disease. Brushing – along – with flossing – is the mist important thing that you can do to keep your teeth and gums healthy.

Did you know that tootbrush was invented by the Chinese in 1,000 AD? We now have lots of choises in toothbrushes, including different size, shapes, types of bristles and colors. Your dentist will tell you which toothbrush in the right size and shape for you. Most often, however, dentists recommend a soft-bristled brush to minimize damage to teeth and gums.

What’s in a Tooth paste?

Tooth pastes contain abrasives, detergents, and foaming agents. Fluoride, the most common active ingredient in toothpaste, is what prevent cavities. So, you should always be sure your toothpaste contains this ingredient.

About one in 10 people has a tendency to accumulate tartar (another word for plaque) quickly. Using tooth pastes and mouthwashes, as well as spending axtra time brushing the teeth near the salivary glands (the inside of the lower front teeth and the outside of the upper back teeth), may slow the development of new tartar.

If you have teeth that are sensitive to heat, cold and pressure, you may want to try a special tooth paste for sensitive teeth. But you’ll still need to talk to your dentist about your sensitivy because it may indicate more serious problem, such as a cavity or nerve inflammation (swelling).

Question.

1.       What are the benefits of brushing and flossing teeth?

2.       How can cavities be prevented?

3.       What is the maning of plaque?

4.       When was tooth-waste found?

5.       What ingredients does tooth-waste contain?

6.       What do dentists suggest in order to minimize damage to teeth and gums?

7.      What will you do when yor teeth are too sensitive in terms of toothpaste?

Read the following text and answer the question below.

Dentist Can Help You  to Brush Up on Baby Care

As many as 20 percent of children have cavities by the age of 3, and those cavities might be avoided with early checkups. Children are to see their dentist by the age of 1 but many parents do not bring children in for their first checkup until age 2 or 3. This delay means  dentists miss a chance to educate parents on caring for their young children’s teeth. And parental education is critical, because children under  the age of 5 or 6 lack the physical skills to really do a good job of brushing and flossing on their own.

Children do develop decay, and some of it is oftent rampant decay. If this decay is detected at an earlier age it would be far less difficult for the children and the parents.  Extensive decay may require a root canal and caps on baby teeth at a surgery cost of around $5,000.

When children wake at night and are breast feed or bottle feed and than put back to bed without brushing their teeth, this occurrence leaves milk on the teeth overnight which invites the growth of bacteria that cause tooth decay. Cleaning their mouth is important to prevent decay and to help them get use to having someone in their mouth. Since babies can’t pit, use infant tooth  and gum cleanser without fluoride and brush from the gum line, not just the tips of teeth. Flossing should start by age 4 – or sooner if the teeth have ground close enough to eliminate the spaces between them.

Parents if your child doesn’t want you to brush his teeth remember that just because he doesn’t like it, doesn’t mean you are off the hook. There’s a lot of things children don’t like!, but yu have to take tooth and dental care seriously.

Question

1.       How do parents avoid their children’s teeth cavities?

2.       Why should parents bring their children to see the dentist by the age of 1?

3.       Why is the parental aducation critical?

4.       What will happen when the children’s teeth decay is detected at a later age?

5.       What does the extensive decay require?

6.       What causes children’s teeth decay?

7.       How do parents minimize their children’s teeth decay?

8.       When do parents start flossing?

Read the text about SMOKING. Try to answer the last word on the text. List your opinions and discus them with your friends.

Cigarettes are Rizky

                Four weeks ago I was late for work. I left my house five minutes later than usual, and I saw my bus approaching the bus stop. I beagan to run, but I was too slow. I waited ten minutes for another bus, and I was still gasping for air when it  arrived. The next day I gave up smoking. For the first few days I was very irritable, but now I feel much better. Now I can ask: Why on earth do people smoke?

                Every years theams of doctors publish report saying that smoking is dangerous for your health. Every years the British Government pays for advertisements telling people that smoking is bad for them. But there are millions people who still smoke twenty or thirty cigarettes a day.

                There sre no advertisements for cigarettes  on television in Britain. The Government banned them six minth ago. If you read  an English newspaper. You will see cigarette advertisements, but at the bottom of each advertisements you will see the words: “Every warning: Some can damage your health”.

                People die every year from the  effects of smoking. When a machine in a factory causes serious injuries, the Goverments prohibits its use. Cigarettes cause death but they are sill In the  shops. Why?

Write down your opinion here:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Find the incorrect word or phrase, than put it into the right form.

1.       The sequence of manufacturing processes are first established for each part of the product and

recorded on a process sheet.

2.       One important mechanical test in the tensile test to destructions which in a specimen is subjected

to increasing  tensile forces until it fractures.

3.       In advanced design work, special in designing skyscraper blocks, loadings up to the plastic state 

of metals are now used.

4.       The work done by  a machine on a load is aqual as the load times the distance moved by the load.

5.       To simplifying engineering calculations, it is assumed that gravity is the same everywhere on the earth’s surface.

6.       The force which must be overcome to keep one surface moving over  another is small than static

friction.

7.       A force  may make a body rotating about a point and move in a straight line at the same time.

8.       A body is in stress when forces which cause its size and shape to change are applying to it.

Read the text below and answer the question that follow.

A jet propulsion motor, in principle, is merely a combustion  chamber in wigh solid or liquid fuel is burned, and wich has an opening or jet  to direct the gaseous product of combustion in the desired direction. For concreteness, consider the flight of a rocket. The momentum of the rocket is initially zero. When its charge of fuel  is ignited, the stream of exhaust gases acquires a momentum in the downward direction, and since momentum in conserved, the rocket acquires  an aqual and oppositely directed momentum. From the viewpoint of the forces involved, the gas in the combustion chamber pushes downward on the gases in the jet, and upward on the body of the rocket.

1.       What makes a jet propulsion motor different from a combustion chamber?

1. Its does not use solid or liquid fuel.
2. It does not have a chamber.
3. It is a chamber without any opening or holes.
4. The direction of gaseous product of combustion can be controlled.

2.       What is true about the  rocket?

1. It cannot move in a horizontal direction.
2. The momentum of the rocket is always zero.
3. The flow of gases pushes the rocket in the opposite direction.
4. The combustion chamber does not follow the principle of a jet propulsion motor.

Most ceramics material exhibit good resistance to chemicals, with the  main exception of Hydrofluoric acid. Glasess are among the most chemically stable materials, and they have exceptionally good resistance to attack by water,aqueous solutions of most acids, alkalis and salts. However, their relative performance in various environments may vary considerably between diferrent grades. For example, borosilicate and silica glasess show much  higher resistance to boiling water and hot dilute acid solution than do soda lime and lead alkali glasess.

Enamels, which are made of silicate and borosilicate glass with the addition of fluxes to promote edhesion, are highly resistant to corrosion and are widely used to protect steels and cast iron.

1.   What can be said about the movement of a rocket?

1. Its follows the principle of Newton law.
2. It only uses the gas fuel.
3. It always neess fresh air in burning the fuel.
4. The direction of movement cannot be controlled.

2.   Which of the following resist best to heat?

1. Hydrofluoric acid
2. Borosilicate glasses
3. Alkali glasses
4. Soda lime

3.       What is most dangerous to ceramics material?

A.      Alkali

B.      Salts

C.       Hydrofluoric acid

D.      Hot water

9.   Conjunction/concessive relationship

      Conjunction adalah kata hubung antar klausa. Misalnya untuk manjelaskan alasan/reason menggunakan because, as, atau since (KARENA), although, even though (MESKIPUN)

v  because

- she couldn’t come on time because she was sick

v  as

-as it is public holiday, you won’t find any shops open

v  since

-I didn’t meet the boy since I didn’t come to his house

v  although

- I am going to buy a computer even though I don’t have much money

v  even though

- I am going to buy a computer although I don’t have nuch money

Learn the complex sentence showing concessive relationship.

Example:

Although the agenda had been carefully discussed, there were complaints from the participants.

Now, join the sentence below using the sentence connectors such as:

Althought, however, nevertheless, anyway. Find the meaning of those words in your dictionary.

1.       It’s late. We’ll stay a little longer.

=> It’s late however we’ll stay a little longer./

Although it’s late we’ll stay a little longer.

2.       Things are bad. We mustn’t give up hope.

=>……………………………………………………………………..

3.       The English book is very expensive. Ms. Tya buys one for herself.

=>……………………………………………………………………..

4.       The man is poor. He always shares his foof with the beggars.

=>……………………………………………………………………..

5.       The girl is smart. She can’t work well in a team.

=>……………………………………………………………………..

6.       His voice is wonderful. He wouldn’t join the song competition.

=>……………………………………………………………………..

Practise a discussion between Winny and Tya, than answer the questions.

Tya	: you really don’t like “Rumah  Cemara” film on TV?
Winny	: No, not at all.
Tya	: And you don’t like “Bajaj Bajuri”?
Winny	: No, I think it’s boring.
Tya	: But those are my favourite television programs. What about “Indonesian Idol”?
Winny	: To be honest, I don’t like it. Sometimes I watched it but I never do it on purpose.
Tya	: I can’t believe it. You must be joking.
Winny	: I’m not kidding. I mean it.
Tya	: What program is your favourite?
Winny	: Legend films. I like legend films.
Tya	: Wow. … that’s a litlle bit schoking. Legend films. … what’s so interesting about them?
Winny	: Well you don’t see the essence of it. In legend films, there’re conflicts between the forces of goodness and the forces of evil.
Tya	: And who’s the favourite actor?
Winny	: I like Choky Adriano for the protagonist and Aris Kurniawan for the Antagonist.
Tya	: Well … well, you are one of a kind yourself. I prefer the films that shows reality like “ Rumah Cemara” and “Bajaj Bajuri”.

Questions

1.       Does Winny like films that shows relities?

………………………………………………….

2.       What kind of films does Winny like?

…………………………………………………..

3.       Who are her favourite actors?

……………………………………………………

4.       What programs are Tya’s favourite?

……………………………………………………

Choose the incorrect words or phrase, than put it into the right form.

1. My mother have cooked delicious food for us.
2. Write a book needs a broad knowledge, patience and great care.

   

3. The children like watch the cartoon film on television.
4. Before go to the beach, Tya’s family prepared some food for the picnic.
5. That student apologized himself for was late coming to the English class.
6. My son’s favourite hobby is play football with his friends.
7. Type letter with the computer is easier than using a typewriter.
8. I suggest that he goes to the doctor as soon as he returns from taking the exam.
9. Malnutrition is a major cause of death in the countries where cultivation or rice are

important.

10. John’s teeth where troubling him so he went to a dental surgeon to see about having them

pull.

11. Lack of sanitation in  restaurants are a major cause of disease in some areas of the country.
12. We should to eat nutritious food in order that we remain healthy.

Each of the sentence contain an error. Find the error!

1.       Cooperation with many technical universities and participation in government-funding research projects are exercised.

2.       The ship laboratorary  and the Indonesian shipbuilding industry has been active in the

international forum and organizations.

3.       The profesors majors in shipbuilding technology, ship hydrodynamics and ship machineries.

4.       They are guiding a group of some 10 post graduate students, who works on research projects.

5.       A great deal of high technologi is containing in the construction phases and final produst.

6.       Today typical examples includes satellite based navigation, fiber optics, laser beam welding and

high strength light weight composite structures.

7.       During the second active year the student will enlisting the department of vehicle engineering

and the laboratory of shipbuilding technologi.

8.       Economics of ship building and operation have traditionally been an important part of the

teaching.

9.       The naval architecture student is typically employed by a company and good results here often lead into a permanently engagement.

10.   After gain professional experience he is often appointed to marketing and management tasks in various levels

Read the following artikel to aswer question number 1 to 4.

Internet is taking hold in Indonesia. And for sure it is happening very fast. It is used by scientists, computer hackers, lawyers, businessman and other users. For anyone interested in knowing what internet offers, here are some  menus:

1. Electronic mail / E-mail / messaging

Message/letter sent to the other end of the globe are received in second. You don’t have to pay international direct dialing rates to send E-mail.

2. Remote login / Telnet

This facility enable an internet user to use software available  on the other computers, wherever they maybe, provided you know the login name and the password too.

3. File transfer (FTP)

Fetching files, large documents and program from everywhere must be the most fascinating experience for many internet users. In just second, you’ve got the files you need.

4. World wide web (WWW)

You can get the access to WWW rages which contain sounds, text, pictures and moving images. Think of WWW as television. There are thousand of pages. Not just five chanels. There is no censorship and commercials.

5. Archie, veronica, jughead and WAIS (wide area information servers)

Tool for searching the huge libraries of information on the internet.

Questions.

1.       The main idea of the first paragraph is …

A.      Explanation about internet in Indonesia

B.      Internet is happening very fast

C.       Internet is introduced in Indonesia

D.      Scientist, lawyers, businessman and other users

2.       “… provided, you know the login name…” (number 2). The underlined word in this  sentence means …

A.      As long as

B.      Even though

C.       Anyway

D.      However

3.       …the most fascinating experience for many internet users…(number 3).

A.      Uninteresting

B.      Disappointing

C.       Attracting

D.      Boring

4.       World Wide Web (www) is…

A.      Cencorship and commercials

B.      Sounds, text, pictures and moving images

C.       Five chanels of television

D.      Pages similar to television chanels

10. Used to & be/get used to + Ving

v  used to (terbiasa à dulu)

- Dion used to smoke 40 cigarettes a day (DULU Dion terbiasa merokok 40 batang sehari)

v  be used to/ get used to (terbiasa à sekarang)

-          Diana is used to driving on the left (Diana terbiasa menyetir di sebelah kiri sekarang)

-          Diana get used to driving on the left (Diana terbiasa menyetir di sebelah kiri sekarang)

v  Bedanya I am used to doing something dan I used to do something

I am used to doing something artinya sekarang saya terbiasa melakukan sesuatu sedangkan I used to do something dulu saya terbiasa melakukan sesuatu

11. Noun clauses

Pay attention on this example below!

v  I know this fact

Noun clause : I know the fact that the earth is round

v  He feels angry

Noun clause : It’s not surprising me that he feels angry

v  He passed it

Noun clause : It is true if he passed the exam

v  Ida live in Malang

Noun clause : I know that Ida lives in Malang

v  He got headache

Noun clause : I know why he didn’t come to the class

Learn the sentence pattern below.

A.            Why did the boss look very pale this morning?

= Do you know why the boss looked very pale this morning?

B.            Where is miss Tya?

                = Do you know where Ms Tya is?

C.            Are they married?

                = Do you know if/whether they are married?

D.            Will Tom help you?

= Do you think if/whether tom will help you?

Now ask question: Do you know…/ Do you know if…

1.       Can he help us?

……………………………………………

2.       Did anybody see you there?

……………………………………………

3.       Does dhe like her new job?

……………………………………………

4.       Have they got a new car?

……………………………………………

5.       Is Mr. Yan in the office?

……………………………………………

6.       Where is the Post office?

……………………………………………

7.       What time is the train arriving?

……………………………………………

8.       Where does the family live?

……………………………………………

9.       Why did the students leave school early?

……………………………………………

10.   What will the teacher say to us?

……………………………………………

Assure yourself to master all those materials

Trust yourself n believe you can do it!

Standar kompetensi: able to communicate in English on the elementary level

Kompetensi dasar: understanding some instructions

1. Expression in describing process (instruksi sederhana mengenai penggunaan suatu alat)

Ungkapan-ungkapan untuk mengoperasikan suatu alat/ mesin dalam melakukan suatu hal/ kegiatan tertentu :

            Plug the VCR in

            Turn on the fax machine

            Turn off the computer

            First insert the VCD, then push the ‘play’ button

            Disconnect the plug of the tape recorder

        Etc

Ungkapan-ungkapan untuk mendeskripsikan fakta dan angka dari grafik atau data yang tersedia:

             Let me show you this graph ……….

             The ratio one to seven means ………..

             The total number reflects ………….

             Profit has increased slightly/ dramatically/ 10%/ …….

             They buy three quarter of our production

             Prices have been stable for 2 years

        Etc

Read the instruction of Philip stereo radio cassette recorder below!

Safety information:

§  Place the set on flat, hard and stable surface so that the system does not tilt

§  Do not expose the set, batteries to humidity, rain, sand, or excessive heat caused by heating equipment or direct sunlight

§  The apparatus shall not be exposed to dripping or splashing

Adequate ventilation with a minimum gap of 15 ncm between the ventilation holes and surrounding surface is necessary to prevent heat build-up

§  Do not cover the ventilation openings with items such as table cloths, curtains etc.

§  No object filled with liquids, such as vases, shall be placed on the apparatus

§  No naked flames sources, such as lighter candles, should be placed on the apparatus

§  The mechanical; parts of the set contain self-lubricating bearing and must not be oiled or lubricated

§  To clean the set, use a dry cloth. Do not use any cleaning agents containing alcohol, ammonia, benzene or abrasives as these may harm the housing.

Task : Make a simple instruction of using an equipment!(buat instruksi sederhana tentang proses suatu kerja alat)

2. Transitional marker

Merupakan penanda hubung yang digunakan untuk merangkaikan kalimat tentang suatu instruksi sederhana. Misal first, second, next, after that, then, finally etc. sedangkan untuk kesimpulannya (conclusion) menggunakan therefore, thus, as a result, in summary, atau in conclusion.

We come to the conclusion that success needs hard works

So, if there is no more objections, I suggest that we close this meeting.

If, everyone is in agreement, I conclude that ……….

Finally, we come to the conclusion that …………….

So, if that’s all, we can stop

Then, I recommended that ………..

Etc

3. Giving suggestion and advice (MEMBERIKAN SARAN DAN NASIHAT)

Asking suggestion:

v  What is your suggestion?

v  What should I do?

v  What can I do?

Giving suggestion:

v  I suggest you to…

v  Why don’t you…

v  You should….

v  You had better….

Task : Make 5 sentences about asking and giving suggestion!

4. Persuading and convincing (MEMBUJUK DAN MEYAKINKAN SESEORANG)

Persuading (membujuk)

v  If I were you I would….

v  I think you ought to…

v  You’d better….

v  You should….

v  Why don’t you….

Convincing (meyakinkan)

v  I assure you, I can do this job well

v  I convince you that I am the important person here

v  I ensure you that I am the best

v  I believe I am the only one who can finish this job

5. Necessity and obligation (KEHARUSAN DAN KEWAJIBAN)

v  It is necessary for you to be here on time

v  You must be here before your boss comes

v  You need not come to the meeting, I think

Task : Make 5 sentences about necessity and obligation!

6. Conditional Type III

v  Conditional Sentence Type II

§  Terdiri dari main clause dan if clause

§  digunakan untuk mengandaikan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan kenyataan waktu lampau sehingga tidak mungkin terjadi pada waktu lampau itu.

§  Contoh :

§  If sita had stayed longer she would have met him.

                                Fact. Sita didn’t stay longer so she didn’t meet him

§   If I had known you I would have been very happy.

                                Fact. I didn’t know you so I was not very happy

REMEMBER THE PATTERNS :

Type I                  : S – WILL – V 1                               pasangannya                  if – S – V1/ V1 + S/ES

Type II                                : S – WOULD – V1                          pasangannya                  if – S – V2

Type III              : S – WOULD HAVE – V3           pasangannya                  if – S – HAD –V3

7. Degree Of Comparison

1.       Positive Degree (perbandingan sederajat/ SAMA)

v  As + adj + as

- Lidya is as smart as you (Lidya sama cerdasnya dengan kamu)

- My hair is as long as hers (rambutku sama panjangnya dengan rambutnya)

v  The same + noun + as

- My book is the same price as yours (bukuku sama harganya dengan punyamu)

- The pond is the same width as it (kolam ini sama dalamnya dengan ini)

v  As + adverb + as

- He walks as slowly as a snail (dia berjalan sama lambatnya dengan seekor siput)

- She dances as beautifully as a dancing queen (dia menari sama indahnya dengan ratu dansa)

2.       Comparative Degree (perbandingan LEBIH)

v  Adjective bersuku kata satu/dua…..>> + ER + THAN

- tall + er + than = She is taller than you (lebih tinggi daripada )

- happy + er + than = Yanto is happier than Sisca)

v  Adjective/adverb bersuku kata lebih dari dua…..>> + MORE + THAN

- diligent >> more diligent than

- stupid >> more stupid than

- expensive >> more expensive than

- slowly >> more slowly than

- quickly >> more quickly than

3.       Superlative Degree (perbandingan PALING)

v  Adjective bersuku kata satu/dua…..>>THE + ADJ + EST

- the hardest day

- the happiest family

- the handsomest boy

v  Adjective/adverb bersuku kata lebih dari dua…..>> THE MOST

- the most diligent student

- the most beautiful lady

- the most expensive watch

- the most slowly

- the most quickly

PERKECUALIAN

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Good	better	the best
Well	better	the best
Bad	worse	the worst
Badly	worse	the worst
Ill	worse	the worst
Little	less	the least
much, many	more	the most
Far	farther	the farthest
Far	further	the furthest
Old	older/elder	the oldest/the eldest

Task : Make 10 sentences about comparative degree and superlative degree!

8. Imperative (kalimat yang diikuti oleh tanda seru / !)

Examples :

v  Please sit down!

v  Be quiet please!

v  Don’t  talk!

v  Don’t smoke here

Make it better than yesterday N Just believe on your capability!